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USS Kearsarge (1861)
USS ''Kearsarge'', a ''Mohican''-class sloop-of-war, is best known for her defeat of the Confederate commerce raider CSS ''Alabama'' during the American Civil War. The ''Kearsarge'' was the only ship of the United States Navy named for Mount Kearsarge in New Hampshire. Subsequent ships were later named ''Kearsarge'' in honor of the ship.
==Hunting Confederate raiders==
''Kearsarge'' was built at Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine, under the 1861 American Civil War emergency shipbuilding program. The new steam sloop-of-war was launched on 11 September 1861; she was sponsored by "Mrs. McFarland," the wife of the editor of the ''Concord Statement'', and was commissioned on 24 January 1862, with Captain Charles W. Pickering in command. Soon after, she was hunting for Confederate raiders in European waters.
''Kearsarge'' departed Portsmouth on 5 February 1862 for the coast of Spain. She then sailed to Gibraltar to join the blockade of Confederate raider CSS ''Sumter'', forcing the ship's abandonment there in December of 1862. However, ''Sumter''s commanding Captain, Raphael Semmes, having returned to England for reassignment, was soon recommissioning off the Azores, in international waters, the newly built British sloop ''Enrica'' as CSS ''Alabama''. From there, ''Alabama'' went on to become the most successful commerce raider in naval history.
From Cádiz in November of 1862 until March 1863 ''Kearsarge'' prepared for her engagement with ''Alabama''; she searched for the raider ranging along the coast of Northern Europe all the way to the Canaries, Madeira, and the Outer Hebrides. The following year, on 14 June 1864, ''Kearsarge'' arrived at Cherbourg and found ''Alabama'' in port; the raider had returned there for much needed repairs after a very long, multiple ocean cruise at the expense of 65 Union merchant ships. ''Kearsarge'' took up station at the harbor's entrance to await Semmes' next move.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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